Table 1.
Cellular actions described for TGR5 in different cell types.
| Celltype | Species | Cellular action | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Macrophages* | Human Rabbit Rat |
Inhibition of cytokine production | [62, 68] |
| Enteroendocrine cells |
Human Mouse |
Secretion of GLP-1 | [71, 79] |
| Brown adipocytes | Mouse | Increase in energy expenditure | [69] |
| Sketelal muscle cells | Human | Increase in energy expenditure | [69] |
| Sinusoidal endothelial cells |
Rat | Regulation of endothelial NO synthase | [67] |
| Biliary epithelial cells | Mouse | Promotion of chloride secretion | [65] |
| Astrocytes | Rat | Generation of ROS | [101] |
| Enteric neurons | Mouse | Release of NO and suppression of intestinal motility |
[70] |
| Gallbladder smooth muscle cells |
Mouse | Decrease of gallbladder smooth muscle cell function |
[73] |
*
Macrophages include alveolar macrophages, Kupffer cells and THP-1 cells