Figure 5.

Phosphorylation of Akr^Ser473 (A), TSC2^Thr1462 (B), mTOR^Ser2448 (C), PRAS40^Thr246 (D), following a bout of leg extension resistance exercise and post-exercise BOLUS, INT or PULSE ingestion protocol during a 12 h recovery period, as described in Fig. 2. Data were analysed using a 2-way ANOVA with Student–Newman–Keuls post hoc analysis. Values are mean ± SD expressed as arbitrary units. Different vs.§, all time points within treatment; a, rest; b, 1 h post exercise; c, 4 h post exercise; d, 6 h post exercise; e, 7 h post exercise; f, 12 h post exercise; *, Pulse; †, Intermediate; and ‡, Bolus at equivalent time point (P < 0.05).