Table 3. Outcome Variables at Four Measurement Time Points .
| Outcome variable | Baseline | Pre WBV | Post WBV | Final | P value† | Effect Size 95% CI(lower, upper) | Post vs Final P value‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle Strength | |||||||
| LE strength(Nm) | 80.2 ± 37 | 80.2 ± 48.2 | 97.0 ± 66 | 92.7 ± 58.4 | 0.16 | 0.27 (-0.87, 1.41) | 0.46 |
| LE relative strength (Nm/kg) | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 1.88 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 0.14 | 0.66 (-0.50, 1.82) | 0.51 |
| CP strength (N) | 201.0 ± 82.9 | 199.0 ± 86 | 222.3 ± 109.3 | 220.3 ± 104.9 | 0.06 | 0.22 (-0.92, 1.35) | 0.81 |
| CP relative strength (N/kg) | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 4.90 ± 0.6 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 0.10 | 0.92 (-0.27, 2.11) | 0.79 |
| LP strength (N) | 831.2 ± 197.5 | 838.0 ± 212.7 | 938.8 ± 320.4 | 908 ± 331.2 | 0.30 | 0.33 (-0.91, 1.58) | 0.56 |
| LP relative strength (N/kg) | 21.3 ± 5.6 | 21.0 ± 4.9 | 22.9 ± 4.9 | 22.1 ± 5.1 | 0.40 | 0.36 (-0.89, 1.61) | 0.49 |
| Muscle Power | |||||||
| LE peak power (W) | 189.7 ± 108.7 | 196.7 ± 124.1 | 222.7 ± 162.2 | 220.3 ± 174.4 | 0.15 | 0.17 (-0.97, 1.30) | 0.82 |
| LE relative peak power (W/kg) | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.5 ± 0.9 | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 0.14 | 0.33 (-0.81, 1.47) | 0.93 |
| CP peak power (W) | 132.0 ± 70.4 | 132.3 ± 69.1 | 133.3 ± 65.4 | 137.5 ± 74.1 | 0.52 | 0.01 (-1.12, 1.15) | 0.53 |
| CP relative peak power (W/kg) | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 0.97 | 0.06 (-1.07, 1.19) | 0.98 |
| LP peak power (W) | 470.6 ± 288.7 | 469.2 ± 224.8 | 523.6 ± 251.4 | 519.6 ± 332 | 0.59 | 0.21 (-1.04, 1.45) | 0.96 |
| LP relative peak power (W/kg) | 10.7 ± 2.1 | 10.7 ± 1.6 | 11.9 ± 1.4 | 9.5 ± 4.1 | 0.48 | 0.78 (-0.50, 2.07) | 0.26 |
| Counter-movement Jump (CMJ) Performance | |||||||
| Height (cm) | 26.3 ± 5.2 | 25.2 ± 4.7 | 27.8 ± 3.4 | 26.3 ± 3.3 | 0.11 | 0.60 (-0.56, 1.76) | 0.17 |
| Peak power (W) | 634.2 ± 331.8 | 673.4 ± 375.1 | 721.4 ± 425.8 | 715.5 ± 427.3 | 0.13 | 0.11 (-1.02, 1.24) | 0.77 |
| Relative peak power (W/kg) | 15.4 ± 2.2 | 16.1 ± 3.7 | 16.8 ± 2.4 | 167.0 ± 2.7 | 0.39 | 0.19 (-0.95, 1.32) | 0.86 |
| Peak Aerobic Capacity | |||||||
| VO2peak (ml/kg/min) | 32.3 ± 4.1 | 38.7 ± 5 | 35.6 ± 4.7 | 36.6 ± 2.6 | 0.16 | -0.61 (-1.76, 0.55) | 0.69 |
| OUES | 706.4 ± 281.7 | 953.8 ± 280.5 | 866.8 ± 272 | 840.1 ± 331.5 | < 0.01 | -0.28 (-1.53, 0.96) | 0.62 |
| Respiratory function | |||||||
| FEV1 (%) | 75 ± 14.1 | 80.2 ± 9.5 | 78.0 ± 7.5 | - | 0.47 | -0.23 (-1.37, 0.90) | - |
| FVC (%) | 85.5 ± 16.5 | 91.83 ± 11.0 | 89.0 ± 7.6 | - | 0.49 | -0.28 (-1.41, 0.86) | - |
| FEF25-75% | 64.7 ± 24 | 68.83 ± 22.2 | 66.0 ± 15.8 | - | 0.70 | -0.14 (-1.27, 1.00) | - |
| CFQ-R | 84.5 ± 7.3 | 83.3 ± 9.0 | 81.0 ± 11.5 | - | 0.37 | -0.20 (-1.33, 0.94) | - |
Values are mean ± standard deviations; Participants (WBV = 6); Effect sizes (ES) [32] were calculated as: Post testmean-pre testmean/pre SD for each of the time periods; CI = confidence interval; cm = centimetre; kg = kilogram; BMI = body mass index (kg/m2); Nm = Newton metres; N = Newtons; W = Watts; ml = millimetres; CP = chest press; LE = leg extension; LP = leg press;VO2peak = maximum oxygen uptake; OUES = oxygen uptake efficiency slope, higher values associated with higher aerobic capacity [31]; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC = forced vital capacity; FEF25-75% = forced mid-expiratory flow rate; Higher OUES = higher aerobic capacity; CFQ-R = Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised, a disease-specific health-related quality of life questionnaire; higher values reflect better quality of life [10]. Normalised values are calculated as absolute strength or power/body weight in kg. *P < 0.05; † Repeated Measures ANOVA of baseline, pre, post timepoints only; ‡ paired t test to compare post and final timepoint.