Standard dosage	150 mg twice daily
	75 mg twice daily (if creatinine clearance 15–30)
Contraindications	Absolute: Active bleeding, renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 15)
	Relative: Elevated bleeding risk, high-risk activities (extreme sports, certain occupations)
Main drug interactions	Carbamazepine, cyclosporine, dronedarone, antifungals, quinidine, verapamil, rifampin
Main side effects	Bleeding, dyspepsia/gastritis
Special points	Direct thrombin inhibitor.
	Similar safety and superior efficacy compared with warfarin [30].
	No INR monitoring required.
	Limited interaction with medication and food.
	Patients need education regarding bleeding prevention.
	No effective method to rapidly reverse anticoagulation effect.
Cost/cost-effectiveness	Non-generic (approximate cost $246 per month). Periodic blood draws not required.