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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2013 Mar 27;5(178):178ra41. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005687

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

RYGB causes marked, rapid, and sustained changes in gut microbial ecology that are independent of weight and diet. (A) Heat map of pairwise Spearman rank correlations between species-level OTUs from fecal samples, ordered by treatment, individual, and time. Within-individual rank correlations in RYGB, SHAM, and WMS mice (n = 4 to 5 animals per group) compare weekly postoperative samples to a preoperative sample. Rank correlations between endpoint samples taken from unoperated DIO, unoperated NC-fed (NC), and RYGB-operated mice maintained on NC (NC-RYGB) are also included (n = 2 to 4 per group). Each correlation is colored from dark blue (no correlation) to dark red (perfect positive correlation). (B) Temporal effects of gastric bypass on overall community membership among fecal samples from RYGB (pink circles), SHAM (orange squares), and WMS (olive triangles) animals [first principal coordinate from an unweighted UniFrac-based analysis over time]. Includes endpoint fecal samples from age-matched DIO (purple circle), NC (green triangle), and NC-RYGB (blue diamond) mice. Values represent means ± SEM.