Figure 3.

Calcium imaging of the codling moth male AL following stimulation with two-component blends of sex pheromone (codlemone) and plant volatiles, butyl hexanoate, pear ester and β-farnesene. Odour-evoked activity was measured in the Cu and other responding glomeruli. Response in the Cu (a), showing a synergistic blend interaction for 10 : 100 ng blends (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Mann–Whitney U-test with Holm–Bonferroni correction, n = 30 males). At a higher dose, blends (100 : 1000 ng) were not significantly different from codlemone (p = 0.36, Kruskal–Wallis test, n = 30 males). Response of glomeruli outside the Cu (b–d) to plant compounds, codlemone, their blends and the summed responses to single compounds (∑): butyl hexanoate, satellite glomerulus 20 and glomerulus 23 (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, n = 26; b); pear ester, satellite glomeruli 20, 37 (*p < 0.05, n = 30; c); β-farnesene, satellite glomeruli 20, 21 (***p < 0.001 and *p < 0.05, one-sided t-test, n = 31; d). Bars show the standard error of the mean (s.e.m.). Representative recording of codlemone, pear ester and their blend (e). Glomeruli numbers correspond to the atlas of codling moth AL [21].