Table 1.

Palaeognath body masses and SSD, calculated as log(male mass) minus log(female mass). (Moa highlighted in bold. Mean body masses measured from living birds used for extant palaeognaths, and body mass estimates derived from Quaternary skeletal remains used for moa species. Dinornis body mass estimates vary widely from different Pleistocene and Holocene environments, and so median, minimum, and maximum estimates are used for each species.)

taxon	measure	male mass (g)	female mass (g)	SSD	source
Apteryx australis	mean	2335.8	2690.9	−0.061	[27,34–36]
Apteryx haastii	mean	2278.2	2760.3	−0.083	[35,37]
Apteryx mantelli	mean	2069.3	2484.1	−0.079	[27]
Apteryx owenii	mean	1133.8	1350.6	−0.076	[27,34–36]
Casuarius casuarius	mean	31 650	45 750	−0.160	[34,37]
Dinornis novaezealandiae	median	56 600	11 1976	−0.297	[14,17]
	min	37 800	10 9000	−0.460
	max	75 000	126 000	−0.225
Dinornis robustus	median	80 333	151 723	−0.276	[14,17]
	min	70 000	89 000	−0.104
	max	84 000	151 723	−0.257
Dromaius novaehollandiae	mean	31 500	36 900	−0.069	[27,34,37]
Emeus crassus	mean	42 800	68 300	−0.203	[16]
Eudromia elegans	mean	582	738	−0.103	[28]
Euryapteryx curtus	mean	17 200	28 100	−0.213	[20]
Pachyornis mappini	mean	31 800	51 400	−0.209	[20]
Rhea americana	mean	28 350	21 546	0.119	[27,34]
Struthio camelus	mean	115 000	100 000	0.061	[27]
Tinamus guttatus	mean	638.3	737.5	−0.063	[27]
Tinamus major	mean	982.1	1107.1	−0.052	[27,34]
Tinamus solitarius	mean	1284.0	1476.4	−0.061	[27]
Tinamus tao	mean	1565.0	1648.1	−0.022	[27,34]