Observations (dots) of relative reproductive success for combinations of treatment as chicks (growing in fed or unfed nests) and treatment at recruitment (recruited into fed or unfed nests) and predictions (lines) for the averaged model (table 3). Predictions are for males with growth and peak mass at their overall means, 17.8 g d−1 and 444 g, respectively. Relative reproductive success is lower and increases with age at recruitment in individuals raised in experimentally fed nests compared with individuals raised in unfed nests. Observations: unfilled squares, growing in fed nests and recruiting into fed nests; unfilled circles, growing in fed nests and recruiting into unfed nests; filled squares, growing in unfed nests and recruiting into fed nests; filled circles, growing in unfed nests and recruiting into unfed nests—filled cicles. Predictions: solid line, growing in fed nests and recruiting into fed nests; dashed lines, growing in fed nests and recruiting into unfed nests; dotted lines, growing in unfed nests and recruiting into fed nests; dot-dash line, growing in unfed nests and recruiting into unfed nests.