Figure 1.

Geographical distribution of D. erecta, its sympatric siblings and the genus Pandanus in tropical Africa. The four melanogaster sibling species differ in their ecology, distribution and phylogenetic relationship. Drosophila erecta occurs in swampy and coastal habitats of western-central Africa, and uses fresh Pandanus spp. fruits as a food source and breeding site. Its closest relative, Drosophila orena (known from a single collection event on Mount Lefo, Cameroon), has an unknown ecology. Drosophila melanogaster (cosmopolitan) and D. yakuba (endemic to tropical Africa) are generalists. Map by courtesy of Wikipedia; modified from ([15,16]; http://www.mobot.org). Pandanus candelabrum image adapted from an original illustration. Reproduced with the kind permission of the Director and the Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.