TABLE 3.

Associations of δ¹³C_NEAA values with sweetener intake¹

		Associations with intake (r)
Amino acid	δ13C	SSB	Added sugar	Total sugar
Alanine	−16.9 ± 1.8 (−20.6, −12.4)	0.70***	0.59***	0.57***
Aspartate/asparagine	−18.3 ± 2.3 (−25.5, −14.9)	0.23	0.15	0.15
Glutamate/glutamine	−16.8 ± 2.4 (−23.4, −12.7)	0.17	0.10	0.12
Glycine	−8.8 ± 1.5 (−12.3, −5.6)	0.05	−0.07	−0.13
Proline	−16.1 ± 1.4 (−19.0, −13.3)	0.31*	0.14	0.10
Serine	−8.6 ± 3.4 (−15.1, −2.0)	0.04	0.07	0.09

¹Values are means ± SDs (range) and r, assessed with Pearson’s product moment correlation, n = 68. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.0001. SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage; δ¹³C, carbon isotope ratio; δ¹³C_NEAA, nonessential amino acid carbon isotope ratio.