Table 3.

Transcription factors that regulate PTEN expression.

Transcription factor	Effect on PTEN expression	Refs.
p53	Activates PTEN by binding in the promoter region	[70]
Egr-1	Activates PTEN and induces apoptosis in irradiation-induced signaling by binding to the 5’ UTR of PTEN	[71]
Evi1	Represses PTEN transcription in bone marrow by binding to polycomb group of proteins	[72]
E2F1	Activates PTEN by binding to the 5’ UTR and induces p53-independent apoptosis	[73]
PPAR-γ	Activates PTEN by binding to PPRE1 and PPRE2 elements in the promoter	[66]
JUN	Suppresses PTEN expression by binding to AP-1 site in the PTEN promoter	[33]
GATA2	Inhibits PTEN expression and stimulates Akt phosphorylation	[74]
SNAIL	Binds to the PTEN promoter and prevents the association of p53 with the PTEN promoter region	[75]
NOTCH1	Inhibits PTEN through HES-1 transcription factor; increases PTEN transcription by MYC or CBF1	[32]
NFκB	NFκB downregulates PTEN expression through IKKβ pathway, and this regulation is mediated by the p65 subunit of NFκb	[76]