Table 4.

Multiple regression models of orthopedic injury among the CKD population in Taiwan

	Upper limb fractures		Lower limb fractures		Trunk fractures		Limb dislocations
	RR	(95% CI)	RR	(95% CI)	RR	(95% CI)	RR	(95% CI)
Age
Less than 18 years old	1.00		1.00		–	–	1.00
18–44 years	1.42	(0.45–4.50)	4.36	(0.61–31.36)	1.00		0.82	(0.11–6.11)
45–64 years	1.46	(0.47–4.56)	6.17	(0.87–44.02)	2.80	(1.00–7.82)**	0.66	(0.09–4.77)
≥65 years	1.80	(0.58–5.64)	9.66	(1.36–68.87)*	4.62	(1.69–12.65)*	0.73	(0.10–5.26)
Gender
Female versus male	1.54	(1.37–1.73)**	1.48	(1.35–1.62)**	2.85	(1.95– 4.16)**	1.41	(1.07–1.87)*
Hypertension	–	–	–	–	–	–	1.33	(0.99–1.79)
Osteoporosis	2.79	(2.33–3.35)**	3.43	(3.00–3.91)**	2.68	(1.62–4.45)**	1.64	(0.99–2.70)
Osteoarthritis	1.63	(1.40–1.90)**	1.91	(1.71–2.14)**	1.64	(1.07–2.52)*	2.70	(1.92–3.79)*
Comorbidities
Higher versus lower	1.08	(0.92–1.28)	1.17	(1.03–1.33)*	0.80	(0.49–1.33)	0.97	(0.64–1.48)

Notes:

^*P < 0.05;

^**P < 0.01.

Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; RR, risk ratio; CI, confidence interval.