Table 2.
Multivariate proportional hazards models (n = 103)
| Endpoints | Covariate | Comparison | HR* | 95% CI | p-value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overall Survival |
VEGF |
0-1 vs. |
RL |
|
|
| 2-3 |
1.314 |
(0.850, 2.030) |
0.219 |
||
| Treatment arm |
STAD + RT arm vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| RT alone arm |
1.268 |
(0.821, 1.959) |
0.285 |
||
| Age |
< 71 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| ≥ 71 |
1.708 |
(1.112, 2.625) |
0.015† |
||
| Combined Gleason Score |
2-6 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| 7-10 |
1.416 |
(0.883, 2.270) |
0.149 |
||
| Clinical Stage |
T2 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| T3 |
1.026 |
(0.626, 1.681) |
0.918 |
||
|
Distant Metastasis |
VEGF |
0-1 vs. |
RL |
|
|
| 2-3 |
1.090 |
(0.629, 1.889) |
0.760 |
||
| Treatment arm |
STAD + RT arm vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| RT alone arm |
1.472 |
(0.861, 2.517) |
0.160 |
||
| Age |
< 71 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| ≥71 |
1.096 |
(0.631, 1.903) |
0.740 |
||
| Combined Gleason Score |
2-6 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| 7-10 |
2.528 |
(1.358, 4.705) |
0.003† |
||
| Clinical Stage |
T2 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| T3 |
0.819 |
(0.446, 1.504) |
0.520 |
||
|
Local Progression |
VEGF |
0-1vs. |
RL |
|
|
| 2-3 |
1.160 |
(0.662, 2.030) |
0.600 |
||
| Treatment arm |
STAD + RT arm vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| RT alone arm |
1.306 |
(0.726, 2.349) |
0.370 |
||
| Age |
< 71 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| ≥71 |
0.873 |
(0.496, 1.536) |
0.640 |
||
| Combined Gleason Score |
2-6 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| 7-10 |
0.757 |
(0.426, 1.344) |
0.340 |
||
| Clinical Stage |
T2 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| T3 |
0.657 |
(0.361, 1.197) |
0.170 |
||
|
Disease-free Survival |
VEGF |
0-1vs. |
RL |
|
|
| 2-3 |
0.859 |
(0.573, 1.286) |
0.461 |
||
| Treatment arm |
STAD + RT arm vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| RT alone arm |
2.102 |
(1.370, 3.227) |
< 0.001† |
||
| Age |
< 71 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| ≥ 71 |
0.932 |
(0.618, 1.407) |
0.738 |
||
| Combined Gleason Score |
2-6 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| 7-10 |
1.717 |
(1.048, 2.813) |
0.032† |
||
| Clinical Stage |
T2 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| T3 |
0.887 |
(0.539, 1.458) |
0.626 |
||
|
Biochemical Failure |
VEGF |
0-1vs. |
RL |
|
|
| 2-3 |
1.041 |
(0.655, 1.652) |
0.870 |
||
| Treatment arm |
STAD + RT arm vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| RT alone arm |
1.995 |
(1.250, 3.186) |
0.004† |
||
| Age |
< 71 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| ≥ 71 |
0.770 |
(0.483, 1.229) |
0.270 |
||
| Combined Gleason Score |
2-6 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| 7-10 |
1.403 |
(0.785, 2.508) |
0.250 |
||
| Clinical Stage |
T2 vs. |
RL |
|
|
|
| T3 | 0.961 | (0.503, 1.837) | 0.900 |
* A hazard ratio (HR) is defined as the ratio of the estimated hazard for those with a variable value 1 to the estimated hazard for those with a variable value 0. A hazard ratio of 1 indicates no difference between two subgroups.
** P-values from Chi-square test using Cox (overall survival and disease-free survival) or Fine & Gray (distant metastasis, local progression, and biochemical failure) Proportional Hazards Model.
† indicates the statistically significant at the significance level of 0.05.
1 patient without Gleason score is not included.