Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the 726 study participants.
| Characteristic | Asymptomatic Group (n = 405) | Symptomatic Group | ||
| Total (n = 321) | Emergency Department (n = 131) | General Practitioners Cooperative (n = 190) | ||
| Age | 5.17 (4.76) | 2.65 (3.48) | 2.18 (3.38) | 2.97 (3.50) |
| Female | 137 (34.1) | 155 (48.0) | 58 (44.3) | 95 (50.0) |
| Immunizations | 383 (96.0) | 307 (95.3) | 124 (95.4) | 183 (96.3) |
| Parental Smoking | 145 (36.4) | 132 (41.1) | 42 (31.8) | 90 (47.6) |
| Family size ≥5 | 163 (39.6) | 74 (23.2) | 33 (25.2) | 41 (21.6) |
| Day-care attendance | 121 (30.5) | 160 (50.5) | 75 (58.1) | 86 (45.7) |
| Prior RTI | 129 (31.5) | NA | NA | NA |
| Lower RTI (including pneumonia) | NA | 64 (20.4) | 38 (29.5) | 26 (14.1) |
| Pneumonia | NA | 35 (10.9) | 27 (20.6) | 8 (4.2) |
| Hospitalization | NA | 41 (13.5) | 32 (25.2) | 9 (5.1) |
Data are n (percent), except for age, which is given as mean (standard deviation). “Immunizations” refers to being immunized per the national immunization program in The Netherlands.
NA, not applicable.