Table 3.
Unconditional general mixture model growth parameter estimates.
| Factor means | Class 1
|
Class 2
|
Class 3
|
M. Wald | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Est | SE | Std | Est | SE | Std | Est. | SE | Std | ||
| INT | 5.09*** | .32 | — | 10.77*** | .43 | 4.16 | 18.31*** | .64 | 2.31 | 429.32***a,b,c |
| SLO | −.49*** | .04 | — | −.59*** | .07 | −1.03 | −.13 | .09 | −.14 | 14.85***b,c |
| QUA | .01 | .01 | — | .02 | .01 | .24 | .02 | .01 | .14 | |
| INT | — | — | — | 6.70** | 2.25 | — | 62.89*** | 7.03 | — | — |
| SLO | — | — | — | .34*** | .08 | — | .75*** | .14 | — | — |
| QUA | — | — | — | .01*** | .00 | — | .03*** | .01 | — | — |
| Factor covariance | ||||||||||
| INT ↔ SLO | — | — | — | .38 | .27 | .27 | −1.53** | .65 | −.22 | — |
| INT↔ QUA | — | — | — | −.12* | .05 | −.63 | −.98*** | .15 | −.69 | — |
| SLO ↔ QUA | — | — | — | −.03** | .02 | −.65 | .07*** | .01 | .44 | — |
Note: INT = intercept, SLO = slope, QUA = quadratic, Est = estimate, SE = standard error, Std = standardized estimate. Due to the centering approach, intercept values represent scores at wave 5 (year 7). Class 1 = low decreasing; Class 2 = moderate decreasing; Class 3 = high stable. M. Wald = Multivariate Wald χ2 (df = 2).
d
Class 1 variance constrained to 0 for identification purposes.
a
C1 vs. C2, p < .0001.
b
C1 vs. C3, p ≤ .0002.
c
C2 vs. C3, p ≤ .004.
**
p < .001.
**
p < .01.
*
p < .05