Table 2.
Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Clinicopathologic Variables Associated with Overall Survival in 378 Patients Who Underwent Hepatectomy for CLM after Preoperative Chemotherapy
| Variable | N (%) | 5-year Overall Survival Rate (%) | Univariate Analysis P | Multivariate Analysis*
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||
| Sex | 0.085 | NS | |||
| Male | 212 (56) | 45 | |||
| Female | 166 (44) | 59 | |||
| Age | 0.381 | ||||
| ≥ 60 years | 164 (43) | 48 | |||
| < 60 years | 214 (57) | 53 | |||
| Body mass index | 0.417 | ||||
| > 30 kg/m2 | 126 (34) | 48 | |||
| ≤ 30 kg/m2 | 250 (66) | 54 | |||
| Timing of detection of CLM | 0.205 | ||||
| Synchronous | 246 (65) | 48 | |||
| Metachronous | 132 (35) | 57 | |||
| Primary tumor site | 0.085 | NS | |||
| Rectum | 105 (28) | 39 | |||
| Colon | 273 (72) | 55 | |||
| Regional lymph nodes for primary tumor | 0.340 | ||||
| Positive | 267 (71) | 48 | |||
| Negative | 111 (29) | 57 | |||
| Preoperative chemotherapy | 0.771 | ||||
| Irinotecan | 143 (38) | 50 | |||
| Oxaliplatin | 235 (62) | 52 | |||
| Preoperative cetuximab | 0.352 | ||||
| Yes | 21 (6) | 0 | |||
| No | 357 (94) | 52 | |||
| Preoperative bevacizumab | 0.873 | ||||
| Yes | 230 (61) | 39 | |||
| No | 148 (39) | 53 | |||
| No. of cycles of chemotherapy | 0.321 | ||||
| ≥ 6 | 151 (40) | 48 | |||
| < 6 | 227 (60) | 57 | |||
| Pathologic response to chemotherapy | < 0.0001 | 0.002 | 1.91 (1.27–2.86) | ||
| Major | 217 (57) | 64 | |||
| Minor | 161 (43) | 39 | |||
| Two-stage hepatectomy | 0.685 | ||||
| Yes | 30 (8) | 56 | |||
| No | 348 (92) | 51 | |||
| Portal vein embolization | 0.193 | ||||
| Yes | 47 (12) | 39 | |||
| No | 331 (88) | 53 | |||
| Associated procedure | 0.320 | ||||
| Yes | 63 (17) | 47 | |||
| No | 315 (83) | 52 | |||
| Major hepatectomy | 0.337 | ||||
| Yes | 259 (69) | 49 | |||
| No | 119 (31) | 58 | |||
| Major postoperative complication | 0.021 | NS | |||
| Yes | 61 (16) | 40 | |||
| No | 317 (84) | 54 | |||
| Blood transfusion | 0.004 | NS | |||
| Yes | 68 (18) | 37 | |||
| No | 310 (82) | 56 | |||
| Estimated blood loss | 0.385 | ||||
| > 1000 mL | 24 (31) | 45 | |||
| ≤ 1000 mL | 354 (69) | 52 | |||
| Number of CLM | 0.025 | NS | |||
| Multiple | 233 (62) | 45 | |||
| Single | 145 (38) | 61 | |||
| Maximum largest diameter of CLM | 0.002 | NS | |||
| ≥ 3 cm | 186 (49) | 44 | |||
| < 3 cm | 192 (51) | 61 | |||
| Preoperative CEA level | 0.057 | NS | |||
| ≥ 10 ng/mL | 92 (24) | 43 | |||
| < 10 ng/mL | 286 (76) | 54 | |||
| Margin status for resection of CLM | 0.017 | 0.03 | 1.69 (1.05–2.74) | ||
| R1 | 52 (14) | 26 | |||
| R0 | 326 (86) | 55 | |||
| Postoperative chemotherapy for CLM | 0.464 | ||||
| Yes | 260 (69) | 49 | |||
| No | 116 (31) | 53 | |||
*
Cox regression multivariate analysis included all variables with P < 0.1 in univariate analysis.
CEA indicates carcinoembryonic antigen; CLM, colorectal liver metastases; NS, not significant; R0, surgical margin ≥ 1 mm; R1, no margin or surgical margin < 1 mm.