Table 2.
Significantly different metabolites identified in the three syndromes compared to a healthy control group.
| Compound | Group | VIPa | P(M-W)b | FNc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetic acid* | DHHB | 1.87 | 0.00 | −2.07 |
| Succinic acid* | DHHB | 1.85 | 0.01 | −1.61 |
| D-Xylose* | DHHB | 2.22 | 0.00 | −1.96 |
| Maltose | DHHB | 1.92 | 0.00 | +1.89 |
| Butyrate* | DHHB | 1.87 | 0.00 | −1.72 |
| Aminolevulinic acid* | DHHB | 1.67 | 0.00 | −1.75 |
| Ribitol | DHHB | 2.22 | 0.00 | −1.93 |
| Creatinine* | DHHB | 1.77 | 0.01 | −1.63 |
| Benzene* | DHHB | 1.88 | 0.01 | −1.56 |
| 2-Butenoic acid* | DHHB | 1.81 | 0.02 | −1.53 |
| (R)-Mandelic acid* | DHHB | 1.68 | 0.01 | −1.59 |
| Glutaconic acid* | DHHB | 1.68 | 0.02 | −1.54 |
| Tartronic acid | DHHB | 2.28 | 0.00 | −2.10 |
| Benzophenone | DHHB | 1.58 | 0.02 | −1.53 |
| Pteridine | DHHB | 1.75 | 0.00 | −1.71 |
| 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole | DHHB | 1.74 | 0.02 | −1.51 |
| 3-Indole butanoic acid* | DHHB | 1.61 | 0.02 | −1.50 |
| 1-Cyclohexene carboxylic acid | DHHB | 1.93 | 0.01 | −1.66 |
| 3-Indole acetic acid* | DHHB | 1.58 | 0.00 | −1.73 |
| Pyrazinoic acid* | DHHB | 1.62 | 0.00 | −2.00 |
| Acetic acid* | DHFL | 1.52 | 0.00 | −1.70 |
| Succinic acid* | DHFL | 1.90 | 0.00 | −1.81 |
| D-Fructose | DHFL | 1.58 | 0.00 | −1.75 |
| D-Galactose | DHFL | 1.69 | 0.00 | −1.99 |
| Benzoic acid | DHFL | 1.51 | 0.01 | −1.59 |
| Butyrate* | DHFL | 1.54 | 0.01 | −1.65 |
| D-Gluconic acid | DHFL | 1.51 | 0.00 | −1.70 |
| Amino levulinic acid* | DHFL | 1.54 | 0.00 | −1.82 |
| Glutarate | DHFL | 1.57 | 0.01 | −1.61 |
| Creatinine* | DHFL | 1.65 | 0.00 | −1.69 |
| Gulonic acid | DHFL | 1.65 | 0.00 | −1.72 |
| Glucaric acid | DHFL | 1.63 | 0.00 | −2.02 |
| 3-Indole acetic acid* | DHFL | 1.72 | 0.00 | −2.09 |
| (R)-Mandelic acid* | DHFL | 1.76 | 0.00 | −1.75 |
| 3-Indole butanoic acid* | DHFL | 1.68 | 0.00 | −1.68 |
| 1-Cyclohexenecarboxylic acid | DHFL | 1.86 | 0.00 | −1.81 |
| Pseudouridine | DHFL | 1.79 | 0.00 | −2.10 |
| Glutaconic acid* | DHFL | 1.77 | 0.00 | −1.71 |
| Tetradecanoic acid | DHFL | 1.68 | 0.00 | −1.74 |
| Ethylene | DHFL | 1.51 | 0.01 | −1.57 |
| Pteridine | DHFL | 1.57 | 0.00 | −1.73 |
| Pyrazinoic acid* | DHFL | 1.53 | 0.00 | −2.19 |
| 1-(1-Benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)- | DHFL | 1.63 | 0.00 | −1.83 |
| 2,2,2-trifluoroethanone | ||||
| Glycine* | NDHHB | 2.11 | 0.01 | +1.62 |
| D-Xylose* | NDHHB | 2.15 | 0.01 | −1.57 |
| D-Gluconic acid | NDHHB | 1.87 | 0.00 | +1.85 |
| Ribitol | NDHHB | 2.19 | 0.01 | −1.57 |
| 2,3-Butanedione | NDHHB | 1.89 | 0.02 | +1.56 |
| Tartronic acid | NDHHB | 2.21 | 0.00 | −1.66 |
| Vanillylmandelic acid | NDHHB | 1.94 | 0.05 | +1.42 |
| 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole | NDHHB | 2.31 | 0.03 | −1.48 |
aVIP: variable importance in the project.
b P(M-W) value was obtained from Mann-Whitney test (syndromes compared to healthy control).
cFN is fold change of mean ranks calculated by the Mann-Whitney test (syndromes compared to healthy control). “+” means upregulated and “−” means downregulated.
*These metabolites were identified by NIST library and standards; others were only identified by NIST library.