Table 2. Main learning outcomes used to design antibiotic stewardship workshops.

Measuring antibiotic use	• Identify sources of data and understand how to measure antimicrobial use in the community and in hospitals • Select proper measurement units to describe the volume of antimicrobial use • Interpret antimicrobial use data locally and within a multicenter network (benchmarking) • Choose and apply a method to study the relationship between antimicrobial prescribing and bacterial resistance
Auditing antibiotic use	• Choose and apply an audit methodology for monitoring the quality of antimicrobial prescriptions
Improving antibiotic use	• Identify the steps and sources for evidence-based guideline development • Describe the elements needed to launch a stewardship program in hospitals Identify barriers encountered in Antimicrobial Stewardship programs and how to overcome them • Make sense of interpersonal aspects of implementing change • Identify possible intervention strategies (and their relative advantages and disadvantages) which could be implemented in a hospital • Identify the electronic antimicrobial drug prescribing aids and their advantages and disadvantages • Build national and international support for Antimicrobial Stewardship programs • Select a proper method to study the effect of interventions in hospitals • Describe how an individual hospital can determine if its antimicrobial management program was economically successful and if it had an impact on bacterial resistance