Fig. 2.

Mitohpagy. At the healthy condition, the Pten-induced novel kinase 1 (PINK1) is degraded by presenilins-associated rhomboid-like protein (PARL). Upon mitochondrial damage or loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, PINK1 accumulates on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) without degradation and recruits Perkin from the cytosol to the OMM. Perkin ubiquitylates OM proteins and these ubiquitylated proteins are recognized by the adaptor protein p62 and are targeted by autophagosomes and eventually are degraded in lysosomes.