Suppression of GSK3β phosphorylation by PAN and reversal by DEX. (a) p-GSK3β/GSK3β at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min in PAN (50 μg/mL) as revealed by Western blotting. (b) Concentration dependence of the PAN effect as indicated by Western blots after 30 min treatment with 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 70, and 100 μg/mL PAN. (c) Reversal by DEX co-treatment and effect of LY294002. Lane 1: Control group, Lane 2: DMSO (0.02%), Lane 3: PAN (50 μg/mL), Lanes 4–6: PAN (50 μg/mL) + DEX (0.1, 1, and 10 μmol/L), Lane 7: One hour pretreatment with LY294002 before PAN (50 μg/mL) + DEX (10 μmol/L) for 30 min. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compare to control group; #
P < 0.05 compared to the PAN-treated group; #
P < 0.01 compared to the DEX-treated group.