Table 1.
Important randomised controlled trials of intervention versus control. SBP: systolic blood pressure, MAP: mean arterial pressure, AH: antihypertensive agents, p.o.: per os, i.v.: intravenous, n.p.: not published. (The phase II trial ACCESS comparing candesartan versus placebo has not been included, as the following phase III trial SCAST has been).
| Name | Year of publication | n | Initial median blood pressure (mmHg) | Time to treatment (hours) | Substance | Administration | Stroke subgroup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BEST [21] | 1988 | 302 | n.p. | 22–25.3 | Atenolol, Propanolol | p.o. | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |
| INWEST [23] | 1994 | 295 | SBP 159–161 | 10.5–11.5 | Nimodipine | i.v. | Ischemic |
| Rashid et al. [27] | 2003 | 90 | SPB 151 | 51 | Glyceryl Trinitrate | transdermal | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |
| IMAGES [25] | 2004 | 2589 | MAP 108 | 7 | Magnesium | i.v. | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |
| CHHIPS [28] | 2009 | 179 | SBP 181 | 17.4–20.5 | Labetalol, Lisinopril | p.o., i.v., sublingual | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |
| COSSACS [29] | 2010 | 763 | SBP 150 | 23.5 | Previously taken AH | any | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |
| SCAST [30] | 2011 | 2029 | SBP 171 | 17.8 | Candesartan | p.o. | Ischemic + hemorrhagic |