Table 3. Comparison between CPP and CSL in secundagravida women.

Parameter	CPP (n = 8337)	CSL (n = 27,471)	Adjusted median differencea	Adjusted P value
Maternal age, y (mean ± SD)	23.1 ± 4.6	27.3 ± 5.6		< .001
Delivery BMI, kg/m2	26.0 ± 3.9	29.9 ± 4.9		< .001
Admission characteristics
Gestational age at delivery, wks	39.3 ± 3.3	38.5 ± 2.2		< .001
Dilation on admission
Median (10th, 90th percentiles)	4 (2, 8)	4 (2, 8)
Mean ± SD	4.3 ± 2.4	4.6 ± 2.3	0.6b	< .001
Effacement on admission
Median (10th, 90th percentiles)	80(40,100)	90(50,100)
Mean ± SD	75 ± 25	82 ± 20	7b	< .001
Spontaneous ROM prior to admission, %	13	36	19	< .001
Labor characteristics
Epidural, %	3	52	34	< .001
Oxytocin augmentation, %	10	25	6	< .001
First-stage durations, h (median, 95th percentiles)
From 5 cm to C/C	1.2 (7.9)	3.0 (15.0)	2.0	< .001
From 6 cm to C/C	0.6 (4.8)	1.6 (8.9)	0.9	< .001
Second-stage durations, h
With spontaneous delivery (median, 95th percentiles)	0.18(0.72)	0.33(1.67)	0.10	< .001
With assisted delivery (median, 95th percentiles)	0.38(1.28)	0.62 (3.08)	0.26	< .001
Forceps, %	36	0.8	−29	< .001
Vacuum, %	0.1	2	2	.003
Forceps or vacuum, %	36	4	−27	< .001
Episiotomy, %	76	13	−52	< .001
Third- or fourth-degree laceration, %	3	1	−2	.001
Intrapartum cesarean delivery, %	2	10	3	< .001
Neonatal characteristics
Birthweight, g (mean ± SD)	3147 ± 571	3264 ± 553
Apgar score at 1 min (mean)	7.9 ± 1.9	8.1 ± 1.3
< 4, %	4.6	2.1
4-6	12.6	4.2
≥7	82.8	93.8
Apgar score at 1 min <7, %	17	6	−11	< .001
Apgar score at 5 min (mean)	9.1 ± 1.1	8.9 ± 0.7
<4, %	1.0	0.4
4-6	2.6	0.8
≥7	96.4	98.8
Apgar score at 5 min <7, %	4	1	−3	< .001

^aMedian difference (except where noted) for parameter in the CSL minus the CPP, adjusted for maternal age, race, gestational age at delivery, BMI at delivery, spontaneous rupture of membranes, and birthweight;

^bAdjusted mean difference.