Table 1. Types of Signatures of Selection detectable from genomic data. Ages of selection are based on estimations for human data in years, assuming a generation interval of 25 years [2].

Type of signature	Detectable pattern	Methodologies	Underlying selection phenomena	Population level	Age of selection (generations)
Function-altering mutation	Changes in non-synonymousto synonymous variation ratio in the open reading frame of a coding region	ω = Dn/Ds [3]	Positive and Purifying selection	Within species	>40,000
Local genetic diversity depression	Deficit of local heterozygosity compared to the rest of the genome	ZHp [4], SNP heterozygosity [5]	Positive selection	Within populations	<10,000
Change in the allele frequency spectrum	Increase in the frequency of derived alleles	ΔDAF [6], Tajima’s D [7], Fu and Li’s D-test [8], Fay and Wu’s H-test [9],CLR [10]	Positive selection	Within and between populations	<3,200
Populationdifferentiation	Difference in the allele frequencies between populations	FST [11]	Positive and Balancing selection	Between populations	<3,000
Extended haplotype homozygosity	LD persistency and unusual long-range haplotypes	LRH [1], iHS [12], XP-EHH [13],Rsb [14], ΔiHH [6], varLD [15]	Positive selection	Within and between populations	<1,200