Figure 4. Effects of sequential treatment with TGF-β and 1α,25(OH)₂D₃.

(A and B) THP-1 were treated with (TV) or without (w/o) 1 ng/ml TGF-β and 50 nM 1α,25(OH)₂D₃ for 24 h or pretreated for 12 h with either 1 ng/ml TGF-β (T12h V24h) or 50 nM 1α,25(OH)₂D₃ (V12h T24h), washed with PBS and subsequently treated with the respective other compound for another 24 h. CD69 and 5-LO mRNA levels were determined by qPCR. Statistical analysis was conducted with one way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post test (*P<0.05).