. 2013 Jun;31(2):119–127. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2013.797178

Table II.

Effect of comprehensive diabetes programme on diabetes outcome measures, lifestyle, and quality of life after 14 months’ follow-up.^a

	Intervention			Usual care			Difference between groups^b	95% CI	p-value
	M	SD	n	M	SD	n	Difference between groups^b	95% CI	p-value
Outcome measures:
HbA₁c, %	7.3	0.7	129	7.4	1.0	197	0.13	−0.08 – 0.35	0.221
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	141.5	17.0	120	137.8	15.8	185	−1.98	−5.63 – 1.67	0.279
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	79.5	8.4	120	77.6	9.2	120	−1.17	−3.41 – 1.07	0.294
LDL, mmol/l	2.6	0.8	106	2.4	0.6	178	−0.15	−0,32 – −0.02	0.081
Total cholesterol, mmol/l	4.5	1.0	122	4.2	0.8	186	−0.21	−0.41 – 0.00	0.051
BMI, kg/m²	30.2	4.0	106	30.5	4.6	179	0.36	−0.19 – 0.90	0.198
Lifestyle:
Alcohol, units/day^c	2.2	1.0	58	2.2	1.1	95	0.04	−0.14 – 0.23	0.647
Fat score, g/day	13.9	5.4	105	14.2	6.1	163	0.19	−0.82 – 1.21	0.708
Vegetables, tablespoons/day	3.1	1.6	102	3.1	1.5	165	0.10	−0.21 – 0.41	0.518
Fruit, pieces/day	1.8	1.1	119	1.7	1.2	173	−0.02	−0.26 – 0.22	0.884
Physical activity, minutes/day	62.8	69.6	124	59.1	51.3	171	−1.15	−12.26 – 9.97	0.839
Pam score^d
Low activity, minutes/day	78.3	40.3	78	78.8	39.8	120	−2.70	−10.52 – 5.14	0.498
Medium activity, minutes/day	22.5	27.0	78	22.6	20.2	120	−1.46	−6.80 – 3.89	0.592
High activity, minutes/day	0.4	0.9	78	1.0	6.5	120	0.18	−0.65 – 1.01	0.669
Diary activity, minutes/day	152.9	97.6	84	157.4	89.0	128	−19.36	−39.97 – 1.26	0.066
Quality of life:
VAS score	75.3	16.2	111	73.5	13.6	171	−1.27	−4.50 1.97	0.441

Notes: ^aAdjusted for baseline measures, nurses’ years of experience, and cluster effects. ^bDifference between intervention and usual care group (reference group). ^cOnly people who reported alcohol consumption. ^dPam score = Personal activity meter score.