Table 3.

Plasma/Tissue Lycopene of Included Studies

	Plasma lycopene (μM)
	Control groups		Lycopene-treated groups
Study ID	Pretreatment	Post-treatment	Pretreatment	Post-treatment	Tissue lycopene
Mackinnon et al.26	0.264±0.372a	0.281±0.771a	0.288±0.289a	0.979±0.485a
Carroll et al.28	0.10±0.07	0.08±0.07	0.10±0.05	0.27±0.10	LDL and HDL concentrations of lycopene were significantly higher (P<.05) than in the other groups and than the baseline level
Hininger et al.29	0.69±0.13	0.63±0.21	0.69±0.13	1.17±0.15
Kucuk et al.30	0.53±0.13b	0.33±0.006	0.53±0.13b	0.44±0.04	0.36±0.06 ng/g for placebo group vs. 0.53±0.03 ng/g for lycopene-treated group in prostate tissue after intervention (P<.05)
Briviba et al.31	0.223±0.139 for nonsmokers; 0.145±0.87 for smokers	0.244±0.44 for nonsmokers; 0.181±0.162 for smokers	0.275±0.194 for nonsmokers; 0.228±0.101 for smokers	0.785±0.290 for nonsmokers; 0.828±0.204 for smokers
Talvas et al.36	0.43±0.07b	0.30±0.03	0.43±0.07	0.87±0.10
van Breemen et al.38	0.599±0.373	0.588±0.392	0.741±0.388	1.428±0.613	0.45±0.53 pmol/mg for placebo group vs. 0.59±0.47 pmol/mg for lycopene-treated group in prostate tissue after intervention (P<.05)
Collins et al.27	Increase in plasma lycopene vs. baseline (P<.05) in lycopene-treated group
Zhao et al.33	Increase in plasma lycopene vs. baseline (P<.05) in lycopene-treated group
Neyestani et al.34	Increase in serum lycopene vs. baseline (P<.001) in lycopene-treated group
Devaraj et al.35	Increased plasma and LDL standardized all trans- lycopene levels in each supplemented group compared with baseline, but not placebo (P<.05)
Talvas et al.36	Increase in plasma lycopene vs. baseline (P<.05) in lycopene-treated group (0.45±0.03 for all subjects)
Kim et al.37	Increase in serum and lipid standardized lycopene levels in each supplemented group compared with baseline (P<.05), but not placebo

^aRepresents all-trans-lycopene.

^bRepresents plasma lycopene of subjects of all control and lycopene-treated groups.

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.