Figure 3.

Effect of FBN on cell kinetics. FBN causes G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis, and inhibits proliferation. (A) A-431 cells were treated with FBN at the indicated concentrations for 24 hours followed by PCNA quantification for proliferation or DAPI staining of apoptotic nuclei and counting as described in the Materials and methods section. Results are mean ± SEM of three different experiments. *P < 0.05; ^†P < 0.01 compared with untreated cells. (B) Asynchronous A-431 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of FBN as indicated for 24 hours.

Notes: The cells were then harvested and the percentage of the cells in the G₀/G₁, S, and G₂/M phases were analyzed by flow cytometry. The populations of the cells (G₀/G₁, S, and G₂/M phases) are expressed as a percentage of the total cell population. Data shown here are from a representative experiment repeated two times with similar results, within 10% of each other.

Abbreviations: DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; FBN, flurbiprofen benzyl nitrate; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; SEM, standard error of the mean.