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. 2013 May 10;8:1887–1895. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S44695

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© 2013 Ge et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Scanning electron microscope images of human periodontal ligament stem cells on a pure porcine acellular dermal matrix and hydroxyapatite-coated porcine acellular dermal matrix. (A) The porcine acellular dermal matrix possesses a three-dimensional porous structure with channel diameter of about 50–100 μm. (B) Periodontal ligament stem cells adhered on the porcine acellular dermal matrix uniformly and exhibited typical fibroblast-like morphology. (C) Periodontal ligament stem cells on the porcine acellular dermal matrix extended completely and intimately adhered to the underlying collagen fibrils. (D) A hydroxyapatite three-dimensional interconnected nanostructure with 120–150 nm microchannels formed on the surface of the microchannels of the porcine acellular dermal matrix. (E) Periodontal ligament stem cells exhibited osteoblast-like morphology on the hydroxyapatite-coated porcine acellular dermal matrix. (F) Hydroxyapatite clusters precipitated on the cells and collagen fibers after cells seeding on the hydroxyapatite-coated porcine acellular dermal matrix scaffold.