Figure 7. A peptide that targets the NEMO-binding domain inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.

(A) RAW 264.7 cells (5×10³/well) were pretreated with 100 µM of the NEMO-binding domain peptide (NBP) for 2 h, medium was changed, and then RANKL (5 nM) was added for 5 days. (B) Multinucleated osteoclasts (i.e., those containing three nuclei) were counted. Values represent means ± SD. Data are representative of two independent experiments performed in triplicates; *, P<0.05. (C) RAW 264.7 cells (1.5×10⁶/well) were incubated with 100 µM of NBP for 2 h, and then incubated with 10 nM RANKL for 30 min and examined for NF-κB activation by EMSA. Fold value is based on the value for medium (control), arbitrarily set at 1.