Table 3.

Clinical results

	Overall	One level (n = 69)	Two level (n = 40)	Three levels or more (n = 18)
VAS (back pain)
Pre-operation	6.25 ± 0.50	6.06 ± 0.65	6.63 ± 0.95	6.14 ± 1.68
Post-operation	1.92 ± 0.30	1.85 ± 0.40	2.00 ± 0.61	2.07 ± 0.73
Final follow-up	0.850 ± 0.22	0.73 ± 0.29	0.97 ± 0.45	1.07 ± 0.53
VAS (leg pain)
Pre-operation	7.73 ± 0.38	7.66 ± 0.52	7.85 ± 0.71	7.71 ± 1.05
Post-operation	1.76 ± 0.76	1.60 ± 0.49	1.90 ± 0.62	2.14 ± 1.10
Final follow-up	0.85 ± 0.25	0.62 ± 0.25	1.27 ± 0.62	0.78 ± 0.61
ODI
Pre-operation	24.70 ± 1.78	23.49 ± 2.33	26.42 ± 3.37	25.78 ± 4.22
Post-operation	11.09 ± 1.19	9.68 ± 1.41	12.85 ± 2.48	13.07 ± 3.11
Final follow-up	8.37 ± 1.15	7.40 ± 1.46	9.40 ± 2.07	10.21 ± 4.56