Role of p38 MAPK in CAR-mediated CYP2B6 induction. (A–D) Total RNAs were prepared as described in Materials and Methods from Yh18 (A) and Ym17 (B–D) cells treated as described in Materials and Methods. Expression levels of CYP2B6 (A–C) and CYP2C9, CYP2A7, CYP3A4, and UGT1A1 (D) mRNA were determined. Values are expressed as relative expression levels normalized to the expression levels of B-actin (ACTB) mRNA. Data are mean ± S.D. (n = 3 or 4 in each group). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005 for comparison between with and without CITCO or TCPOBOP exposure; †P < 0.05; †††P < 0.005 for comparison between with and without anisomycin exposure; ###P < 0.005 for comparison between control siRNA and p38 MAPK (p38) siRNA. Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. (C) Protein levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (Phos-p38), p38 MAPK (p38), and B-actin were also determined to verify the effect of p38 MAPK siRNA at 2 hours of anisomycin treatment. ANI, anisomycin; CON, control.