Detection of autoantibodies in T1D patient sera. Non-T1D control (ctrl) sera (n = 100), RO-T1D sera (n = 100, mean duration of T1D = 9.5 weeks), and LS-T1D sera (n = 50) were used for all panels and the transverse lines represent means. Standard LIPS assays (using 5μl serum) were performed with (A) Rluc-GAD65 fusion protein lysate, (B) Rluc-IA-2 fusion protein lysate, or (C) Rluc-IA-2β fusion protein lysate. D. Standard LIPS assays (using 10μl serum) were performed with Rluc-Pdx1 fusion protein lysate. The healthy normal donor control sera (n = 10) were also added to this panel for additional analysis. RLU are expressed as fold relative to control mean.