Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 19.
Published in final edited form as: Crit Care Med. 2011 Dec;39(12):2711–2721. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182284a5f

Figure 10. Attenuation of ventilator induced lung injury by amifostine.

Figure 10

Mechanical stretch associated with high tidal volume mechanical ventilation induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production, leading to activation of redox-sensitive stress kinases (JNK and p38 MAPK) and NFkB signaling cascade leading to expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cytoskeletal remodeling and disruption of endothelial monolayer integrity. Amifostine attenuates oxidative stress induced by HTV through upregulation of SOD protein expression and stimulation of SOD and catalase enzymatic activities. XOR – xanthine oxidoreductase; SOD – superoxide dismutase; MAPKAPK2 – MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 ; Hsp27 – heat shock protein 27; MLC – myosin light chains; ROCK – Rho associated kinase; MYPT – myosin protein phosphatase.