Table 3.
Exposure Measure | Odds of Lung Cancer |
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cigarette Smoking Exposure |
All Subjects |
Ever Smokers |
||||||||||||||
Women |
Men |
Women |
Men |
Women |
Men |
|||||||||||
Cases |
Controls |
Cases |
Controls |
ORa | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |||||
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |||||||||
Categorical variable, pack-years | ||||||||||||||||
Never smoker | 103 | 25.4 | 282 | 56.5 | 29 | 1.9 | 397 | 24.6 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent | ||||
1–19 | 87 | 21.4 | 147 | 29.5 | 118 | 7.7 | 464 | 28.7 | 1.8 | 1.1, 2.9 | 5.9 | 3.7, 9.5 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.0 | Referent |
20–39 | 124 | 30.5 | 49 | 9.8 | 420 | 27.3 | 413 | 25.5 | 6.9 | 4.4, 10.7 | 18.2 | 12.0, 27.7 | 4.0 | 2.5, 6.4 | 3.1 | 2.3, 4.0 |
≥40 | 92 | 22.7 | 21 | 4.2 | 967 | 62.9 | 341 | 21.1 | 12.3 | 7.2, 21.2 | 42.2 | 28.1, 63.4 | 7.2 | 3.9, 13.4 | 7.1 | 5.4, 9.4 |
Data not available | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.1 | ||||||||
Pinteractionb | 0.0009c | 0.55 | ||||||||||||||
Continuous variable (log10 (1 + pack-years/5)) | 11.3 | 7.6, 16.8 | 28.4 | 21.2, 38.1 | 37.5 | 15.3, 92.0 | 27.4 | 18.0, 41.7 | ||||||||
Female sex-smoking interaction | 0.39 | 0.24, 0.62 | 0.63 | 0.29, 1.37 | ||||||||||||
Pinteractionb | <0.0001d | 0.24 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EAGLE, Environment and Genetics in Lung Cancer Etiology; OR, odds ratio.
a ORs and 95% CIs from unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for residential area, age, and years since quitting smoking.
b P values were calculated from the likelihood ratio test or Wald test for the product of sex and pack-years (pack-years as a categorical or continuous (log10 (1 + pack-years/5)) variable, respectively).
c Negative female sex-smoking interaction coefficients for all of the pack-year categories evaluated.
d Negative female sex-smoking interaction coefficient.