Table 1. Comparative genomic analysis of nucleotide biosynthesis in Apicomplexa.
| Gene/pathway | C. parvum | T. gondii | Theileria annulata | P. falciparum | Query |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| De novo pyrimidine | |||||
| Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Tg |
| P = 0.003 | P = 0.0 | P = 2.1e-307 | P = 0.0 | ||
| Aspartate carbamoyl-transferase | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Pf |
| P = 0.99 | P = 7.7e-46 | P = 3.1e-58 | P = 7.1e-184 | ||
| Dihydroorotase | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Pf |
| No hits | P = 6.2e-67 | P = 9.1e-46 | P = 7e-197 | ||
| Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Pf |
| P = 0.013 | P = 3.9e-77 | P = 1.8e-31 | P = 5.3e-309 | ||
| Orototate-PRT | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Pf |
| P = 0.0014 | P = 3.7e-12 | P = 2.3e-7 | P = 3.1e-146 | ||
| Oritidine monophosphate decarboxylase | Absent | Present | Present | Present | Pf |
| P = 0.97 | P = 1.1e-5* | P = 3.23-27 | P = 3.3e-174 | ||
| Pyrimidine salvage | |||||
| UPRT | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Absent | Absent | Tg |
| P = 4.1e-50 | P = 8.9e-113 | No hits | No hits | ||
| UK-UPRT | Eukaryotic | Absent | Absent | Absent | Cp |
| P = 2.1e-243 | P = 1.2e-35† | No hits | No hits | ||
| TK | Bacterial | Absent | Absent | Absent | Cp |
| P = 1.6e-101 | No hits | No hits | No hits | ||
| Dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Tg |
| P = 4.8e-114 | P = 1.5e-284 | P = 1.5e-66 | P = 6.2e-115 | ||
| Purine salvage | |||||
| Hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine- PRT | Absent | Present | Absent | Present | Tg |
| No hits | P = 1.3e-149 | No hits | P = 1.9e-53 | ||
| AK | Present | Present | Absent | Absent | Tg |
| P = 1.8e-22 | P = 4.6e-192 | No hits | No hits | ||
| Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase | Bacterial | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Eukaryotic | Pf |
| P = 1.5e-27 | P = 4.6e-84 | P = 8.6e-77 | P = 7.9e-269 | ||
| Adenine-PRT | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Ld |
| No hits | No hits | No hits | No hits |
All publicly available apicomplexan sequence data were combined in a database and searched for the indicated enzyme genes (see Materials and Methods for details). Statistical significance for each hit is provided as P value (note that P values are comparable here because searches were performed in the same database. The respective gene used to query the database was as indicated; Tg, T. gondii; Pf, P. falciparum; Cp, C. parvum; Ld, Leishmania donovani; PRT, phosphoribosyltransferase.
*
This gene is fragmented by introns. After intron removal, blast queries using the putative coding sequence results in an e-18 hit against P. falciparum OMPD.
†
This hit represents the unfused T. gondii UPRT (19), matching only the UPRT portion of UK-UPRT.