Table 1.
Demographic and laboratory characteristics of the study participants
| Characteristics | Overall (n = 1496) |
Lactate quartile units | †P(trend) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 5.9 (n = 378) |
5.9–7.2 (n = 408) |
7.3–9.1 (n=317) |
≥ 9.2 (n = 393) |
|||
| Age (years) | 70.4 (70.0–70.7) | 70.4 (69.5–70.9) | 70.9 (70.0–71.3) | 70.2 (69.6–70.8) | 70.1 (69.7–71.1) | 0.844 |
| Female (%) | 51.0 | 56.2 | 49.2 | 50.4 | 50.6 | 0.134 |
| African American (%) | 19.8 | 13.0 | 18.1 | 19.5 | 28.0 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (%) | 19.0 | 17.1 | 18.9 | 22.9 | 20.2 | 0.126 |
| Height (cms) | 167.3 (160 – 183) | 166.9 (160 – 182) | 167.3 (160 – 182) | 167.2 (159 – 184) | 167.8 (160 – 183) | 0.104 |
| Weight (Kgs) | 80.8 (69 – 110) | 77.4 (67 – 102) | 80 (65 – 98) | 87 (73 – 104) | 90 (81 – 117) | 0.021 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.8 (28.5–29.1) | 27.9 (27.2–28.5) | 28.5 (28.0–29.1) | 28.7 (28.2–29.2) | 30.4 (29.7–31.1) | <0.001 |
| Obese (≥ 30kg/m2) (%) | 36.0 | 29.0 | 32.8 | 34.3 | 48.0 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cms) | 100.9 (100.1–101.7) | 97.2 (95.4–99.0) | 100.7 (99.1–102.3) | 100.9 (99.5–102.3) | 105.2 (103.2–107.1) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 22 | 16 | 18 | 22 | 24 | <0.001 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmhg) | 125.5 [114 – 139] | 127.9 [113 – 138] | 125.4 [112 – 139] | 127.7 [114 – 138] | 128.2 [110 – 140] | 0.157 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmhg) | 66.5 [60 – 73] | 65.8 [61 – 72] | 66.2 [61 – 75] | 66.8 [63 – 74] | 66.7 [64 – 75] | 0.128 |
| HsCRP (mg/l) | 2.0 [1.1 – 11.7] | 2.0 [1.1 – 11.1] | 2.0 [1.1 – 11.0] | 1.8 [1.1 – 4.1] | 3.0 [0.9 – 12.4] | 0.113 |
| Type 2 diabetics (%) | 20.6 | 13.2 | 16.5 | 21.2 | 31.9 | <0.001 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.6 [5.4 – 7.1] | 5.5 [5.3 – 6.5] | 5.6 [5.3 – 6.9] | 5.6 [5.4 – 7.2] | 5.8 [5.4 – 7.3] | 0.112 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 106.9 (105.5–108.3) | 101.8 (99.0–104.7) | 104.0 (101.6–106.4) | 106.2 (104.9–109.5) | 116.8 (112.2–119.3) | <0.001 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 192.0 [165 – 219] | 195.9 [168 – 223] | 193.3 [165 – 217] | 191.8 [162 – 230] | 195.9 [166 – 229] | 0.168 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 121 [92 – 163] | 105 [87 – 130] | 116 [95 – 136] | 139 [96 –149] | 143 [100 – 160] | 0.017 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 50.3 (49.4–51.2) | 54.2 (52.2–56.1) | 50.4 (48.7–52.1) | 48.9 (47.2–50.6) | 47.7 (45.8–49.7) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 131 [94–184] | 107 [82–147] | 121 [90–167] | 139 [102–186] | 174 [117–232] | <0.001 |
| Trig/HDL ratio | 2.79 [1.75–4.31] | 1.98 [1.40–3.10] | 2.53 [1.64–3.82] | 3.05 [1.87–4.49] | 3.81 [2.30–5.85] | <0.001 |
*
Results displayed as percentages, means (95% CIs) and medians [IQRs].
†
Ptrend takes into account sampling weights for both categorical and continuous variables. Survey-weighted logistic and linear regression was utilized, treating the variable of interest as the dependent variable and the median lactate values by quartile as a continuous independent variable.