Table 1.
Comparison of 110 patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria to 177 patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection due to E. coli
| Variable | Asymptomatic bacteriuria (n = 110) | Symptomatic urinary tract infection (n = 177) | p value | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
n (%) |
n (%) |
|
|
| Gender (male) |
19 (17) |
43 (24) |
0.2 |
|
| Age (years, median, range) |
67 (20, 100) |
64 (19, 101) |
0.1 |
|
| Race (white) |
68 (62) |
101 (57) |
0.4 |
|
| Body mass index (kg/m2, mean, ±SD) |
28.9 (±8.4) |
28.9 (±9.9) |
1.0 |
|
| Diabetes mellitus |
39 (36) |
53 (30) |
0.3 |
|
| Renal insufficiency (Cr > 1.5 mg/dl) |
23 (21) |
37 (21) |
1.0 |
|
| Any malignancy |
28 (26) |
44 (25) |
0.9 |
|
| Any transplant |
3 (3) |
9 (5) |
0.3 |
|
| Neutropenia at time of bacteriuria (ANC <1000/ul) |
0 |
7 (4) |
0.046 |
|
| Pregnancy |
5 (5) |
8 (6) |
1.0 |
|
| Congestive heart failure |
26 (24) |
24 (14) |
0.03 |
|
| Myocardial infarction |
23 (21) |
18 (10) |
0.01 |
|
| Chronic pulmonary disease |
25 (23) |
24 (14) |
0.045 |
2.1 (1.04-4.1) |
| Peripheral vascular disease |
9 (8) |
5 (3) |
0.04 |
|
| Oral steroid medication |
6 (5) |
15 (8) |
0.3 |
|
| Dementia |
15 (14) |
11 (6) |
0.03 |
2.4 (1.02-5.8) |
| History of cerebrovascular accident |
24 (22) |
36 (20) |
0.8 |
|
| Hemi- or paraplegia |
13 (12) |
14 (8) |
0.3 |
|
| Functional or anatomical urinary tract abnormalities |
31 (28) |
54 (31) |
0.7 |
|
| Voiding dysfunction |
26 (24%) |
54 (31%) |
0.2 |
|
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 62) |
3/19 (16) |
15/43 (35) |
0.1 |
|
| History of urogenital surgery |
30 (27) |
61 (34) |
0.8 |
|
| Urological procedure this admission |
0 |
5 (3) |
0.2 |
|
| Charlson comorbidity index (mean, ±SD) |
3.1 (±2.6) |
2.8 (±2.8) |
0.2 |
|
| McCabe severity-of-illness score (median, range) |
1 (1, 2) |
1 (1, 3) |
0.2 |
|
| Cystitis |
- |
70 (39) |
- |
|
| Pyelonephritis |
- |
107 (62) |
- |
|
| Sepsis |
38 (35) |
108 (61) |
<0.001 |
|
| Sepsis-induced hypotension |
7 (6) |
41 (23) |
<0.001 |
|
| Community-acquired bacteriuria |
75 (68) |
127 (72) |
0.5 |
|
| Urinary catheter-associated bacteriuria |
22 (20) |
30 (17) |
0.5 |
|
| Urinalysis with pyuria (>10 WBC/hpf) |
65 (63) |
121 (74) |
0.1 |
|
| Isolate resistant to ciprofloxacin |
57 (32%) |
41 (37%) |
0.4 |
|
| Isolate resistant to trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole |
45 (25%) |
32 (29%) |
0.5 |
|
|
Outcomes |
|
|
|
|
| Pathogen-directed antibiotic treatment |
89 (81) |
168 (95) |
<0.001 |
|
| Length of hospital stay (mean, ±SD) |
5.5 (±7.7) |
6.6 (±7.5) |
0.2 |
|
| In-hospital mortality | 4 (3.6) | 8 (5) | 0.5 |
NOTE. CI = confidence interval. SD = standard deviation. Cr = creatinine. ANC = absolute neutrophil count. WBC = white blood cells. HPF = high-power field.
* The variables included in the final model were neutropenia, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, history of myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, dementia, and pyuria.