Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics and intensive care unit factors by probable acute stress disorder status
| Variables | Probable acute stress disorder (n = 23) | Without probable acute stress disorder (n = 127) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Patient Baseline Characteristics
| |||
| Age | 47.1 (11.9) | 48.5 (14.1) | 0.66 |
| Female | 8 (34.8%) | 53 (41.7%) | 0.51 |
| Non-white | 10 (43.5%) | 30 (23.6%) | 0.06 |
| < High school graduate | 4 (17.4%) | 17 (13.4%) | 0.62 |
| Married/partnered | 9 (39.1%) | 66 (52.0%) | 0.24 |
| Prior history of major depression per interview | 11 (47.8%) | 32 (25.2%) | 0.03 |
| Lifetime number of traumatic event exposures | 5.7 (2.9) | 3.9 (2.7) | 0.006 |
| Unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT ≥ 8) in the year pre-ICU | 7 (30.4%) | 13 (10.2%) | 0.009 |
| Problem drug use (DAST-10 ≥ 3) in the year pre-ICU | 6 (26.1%) | 13 (10.2%) | 0.04 |
| Charlson Comorbidity score | 1.7 (2.2) | 1.7 (2.0) | 0.95 |
|
| |||
|
Admission Clinical Characteristics
| |||
| ICU LOS (days) | 4.0, (3.0, 7.0) | 5.0 (3.0, 9.0) | 0.86 |
| SAPS II | 31.7 (16.7) | 25.4 (15.0) | 0.07 |
| Admission diagnostic category | |||
| Cardiovascular | 1 (4.3%) | 10 (7.9%) | 1.00 |
| Pulmonary | 3 (13.0%) | 16 (12.6%) | 1.00 |
| Infectious Disease | 8 (34.8%) | 34 (26.8%) | 0.45 |
| Neurologic | 5 (21.7%) | 36 (28.3%) | 0.50 |
| Vascular Surgery | 3 (13.0%) | 19 (15.0%) | 1.00 |
| Gastrointestinal | 3 (13.0%) | 15 (11.8%) | 1.00 |
| Endocrine/Renal | 2 (8.7%) | 5 (3.9%) | 0.30 |
| Orthopedic | 1 (4.3%) | 10 (7.9%) | 1.00 |
| Oncologic | 1 (4.3%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.57 |
| Other | 1 (4.3%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.57 |
| Mechanically ventilated | 12 (52.2%) | 56 (44.1%) | 0.49 |
| MV duration among ventilated (days) | 1.5 (1.0, 3.8) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 0.67 |
| Number of surgeries among patients requiring surgery | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 1.0 (1.0, 2.0) | 0.32 |
| Number of blood product transfusions among transfused | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (1.0, 2.8) | 0.47 |
| Probable delirium | 14 (60.9%) | 62 (48.8%) | 0.30 |
| Restrained in hospital | 13 (56.5%) | 59 (46.5%) | 0.39 |
| Days restrained in hospital among patients requiring restraints | 4.0 (1.5, 9.0) | 3.0 (1.0, 5.3) | 0.54 |
| Total days received benzodiazepines | 3.0 (1.0, 10.0) | 3.0 (2.0, 7.0) | 0.69 |
| Total days received opioids | 17.0 (9.0, 32.0) | 9.0 (5.0, 17.0) | 0.001 |
| Total days received antipsychotics | 13.5 (6.8, 24.0) | 3.5 (1.0, 7.8) | 0.03 |
| Total days received antidepressants | 12.0 (7.3, 28.5) | 8.5 (3.0, 15.3) | 0.15 |
|
| |||
| Post-ICU 3 TICSm Scores | |||
| 3 Months Post-ICUb | 22.4 (3.9) | 23.8 (4.3) | 0.22 |
| 12 Months Post-ICUc | 22.2 (4.8) | 24.2 (4.6) | 0.14 |
All values are mean ± SD, median (IQR) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations (in alphabetic order): AUDIT = Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; DAST-10 = Drug Abuse Screening Test=10; ICU = intensive care unit; LOS = length of stay; MV = mechanical ventilation; SAPS II = Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; TICSm = Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status.
Results from Pearson χ2 test with 1 degree of freedom, Fisher’s Exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, or F-statistic with 148 degrees of freedom.
131 subjects (18 with probable in-hospital acute stress disorder and 113 without) completed 3 month follow-up.
120 subjects (14 with probable in-hospital acute stress disorder and 106 without) completed 12 month follow-up.