Table 1.

Summary of response to perturbation characteristics that may be affected by aging

Perturbation Response		Associated Changes with Age
Kinematic & Kinetic	Passive-induced responses	Yes[21]
	Active-induced responses	Yes[21,29,31–34]
Muscular Response
Stretch Response	Onset	Yes (Minimal) [24]
	Amplitude	No
	Coordination	No
Automatic Postural Response	Onset	Yes[21,24–26,29,34]
	Amplitude	Yes[21,24,26,30]
	Coordination	Yes[33]
Voluntary Postural Response	Onset	Yes[29,34]
	Amplitude	Yes[28]
	Coordination	No

‘Yes’ denotes known differences between young and old individuals for each aspect of postural control, with references in superscript. ‘No’ denotes no known differences between young and old adults.