Fig. 4. Korean red ginseng (KRG)-induced inward currents are mediated by activation of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate- and/or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors. (A) Representative trace showing KRG-induced inward current was blocked by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 10 μM), a non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist and picrotoxin (PIC, 50 μM), a GABAA receptor antagonist. (B) Relative response of KRG in the presence of CNQX, PIC, and CNQX with PIC compared to KRG alone (n=5). (C) Representative trace showing inward current induced by GABA (100 μM) and GABA in the presence of PIC. (D) Relative response of GABA in the presence of PIC compared to GABA alone (n=3). *p<0.05, **p<0.01.
