Fig. 2. Effects of Korean red ginseng extract on PMA-induced motility in SW 480 cells. SW 480 cells were incubated in serum-free medium with or without 100 μg/L PMA in the absence or presence of various concentrations (100, 200, or 300 μg/mL) of red ginseng extract for 16 h in a Boyden chamber. (A) Photographs of cells treated with red ginseng extract during the cell motility assay. (B) Quantitative analysis of the cell motility assay. The number of migrated cells was expressed as a percentage of control (without PMA and red ginseng extract). Each bar represents the mean±SD of three independent experiments. Significant differences (p<0.05) among groups are indicated by different letters above each bar.