Table 1.

Three Categories of Data Analysis Errors Recorded from 125 Articles in Seven Major Journals with the Most CNS Trauma Injury Animal Research Articles Published in 2010

1	Incorrect parametric tests18
	-Independent t-tests rather than ANOVA
	-Independent t-tests performed without statement of type or correction, if necessary
	(i.e., means with = or ≠variance using the F test for = or ≠variance)
	-Excessive number of Independent t-tests without correction to p-value for performing multiple test comparisons
	-One-way ANOVA rather than Repeated Measures ANOVA with the group factor
	-Multiple one-way ANOVAs rather than two-way ANOVAs (with test for interaction)6
2	Inappropriate or lack of post hoc t-tests after ANOVA
	-Lack of control of error rate in multiple comparisons in instances of very large numbers of comparisons (e.g., Duncan, Student-Newman-Keuls)20,21
	-Dunnett versus non control group; Dunn's post hoc t-test used with three comparisons
3	Parametric versus nonparametric tests19
	-e.g., Independent t-tests rather than a nonparametric t-test (small range category data)