Table 1.
Comparison of fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, haemorheology indices, thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, P-selectin levels and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA levels
| Index |
Control group |
Treatment group |
||
| Before treatment (n = 31) | After treatment (n = 29) | Before treatment (n = 31) | After treatment (n = 30) | |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 8.74 ± 1.42 | 8.01 ± 1.09b | 9.02 ± 1.14 | 7.94 ± 0.91b |
| 2hPG (mmol/L) | 12.42 ± 1.76 | 10.03 ± 1.39b | 11.96 ± 1.53 | 9.81 ± 1.34b |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.98 ± 0.71 | 7.11 ± 0.69b | 8.03 ± 0.68 | 6.98 ± 0.65b |
| FINS (uIU mL-1) | 12.05 ± 2.93 | 8.68 ± 1.83b | 11.93 ± 2.45 | 7.58 ± 1.82bc |
| IRI | 1.81 ± 0.24 | 1.60 ± 0.19b | 1.79 ± 0.23 | 1.48 ± 0.19bc |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.36 ± 0.76 | 4.55 ± 0.59b | 5.27 ± 0.69 | 4.32 ± 0.49b |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.01 ± 0.38 | 1.78 ± 0.36a | 1.99 ± 0.42 | 1.76 ± 0.31a |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 3.15 ± 0.31 | 3.06 ± 0.29a | 3.24 ± 0.28 | 3.07 ± 0.28a |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.41 ± 0.19 | 1.66 ± 0.17b | 1.37 ± 0.21 | 1.77 ± 0.15bc |
| High shear specific viscosity (mPa.s) | 5.37 ± 0.78 | 5.10 ± 0.71 | 5.43 ± 0.65 | 4.73 ± 0.54bc |
| Low shear specific viscosity (mPa.s) | 12.65 ± 0.89 | 11.91 ± 1.02 | 12.51 ± 0.92 | 11.84 ± 0.94b |
| Hematocrit (%) | 42.95 ± 3.69 | 42.89 ± 3.51 | 43.15 ± 4.31 | 41.98 ± 3.01 |
| Plasma specific viscosity (mPa.s) | 1.93 ± 0.35 | 1.72 ± 0.37 | 2.01 ± 0.31 | 1.54 ± 0.24bc |
| Fibrinogen (mg/L) | 4.52 ± 0.48 | 4.36 ± 0.37 | 4.61 ± 0.38 | 4.39 ± 0.35 |
| TM (μg/L) | 25.68 ± 6.54 | 23.27 ± 4.06 | 25.41 ± 6.28 | 19.32 ± 4.29ac |
| vWF (U/L) | 1540.17 ± 74.70 | 1480.66 ± 72.32 | 1551.92 ± 82.23 | 1146.70 ± 94.45b,d |
| P-selectin (ng/mL) | 25.03 ± 6.06 | 22.57 ± 5.56 | 25.39 ± 6.81 | 17.08 ± 5.82ac |
| MCP-1 mRNA (%) | 0. 537 ± 0. 136 | 0.473 ± 0.134a | 0. 541 ± 0. 148 | 0.421 ± 0.132bc |
a
P < 0.05,
b
P < 0.01 vs before treatment;
c
P < 0.05 vs control group. FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG: 2-h plasma glucose; HbA1c: Haemoglobin A1c; FINS: Fasting insulin; IRI: Insulin resistance index; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; TM: Thrombomodulin; vWF: von Willebrand factor; MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1.