Figure 3. Type I Interferon Response Triggered by TLR4-TRIF Mediates Caspase-11-Dependent Inflammasome Activation by EHEC and C. rodentium.
(A) IFN-β production by BMDMs stimulated with EHEC (MOI of 25 and 50), C. rodentium (MOI of 25 and 50), or polydAdT for 16 hr.
(B) ELISA for IL-1β and immunoblots for cleaved caspase-1, caspase-11, and IL-1β in the supernatants of BMDMs stimulated with EHEC, C. rodentium, or polydAdT for 16 hr or nigericin for 1 hr.
(C) IL-1α secretion by and cell death in BMDMs stimulated with EHEC for 16 hr or nigericin for 1 hr.
(D and E) IL-1β production by Pam3CSK4-primed C57BL/6 wild-type and Stat1−/− (D) or Irf9−/− (E) BMDMs stimulated with EHEC, polydAdT, or silica for 16 hr or nigericin for 1 hr.
(F and G) Cleaved caspase-1 and caspase-11 in the supernatants and NLRP3 in the lysates (F) and IL-18 in the supernatants (G) of Pam3CSK4-primed BMDMs stimulated with EHEC, C. rodentium, or polydAdT for 16 hr. Cells were subjected to 1,000 U/ml IFN-β treatment at the time of infection as indicated.
(H) Secreted IL-1β and cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β in the supernatants of Pam3CSK4-primed BMDMs treated with indicated doses of IFN-β and stimulated with EHEC or polydAdT for 16 hr.
Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of one experiment representative of 2–3 experiments. See also Figures S1A and S3.