Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2012 Dec 19;14(2):213–231. doi: 10.1007/s10162-012-0366-8

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Association for Research in Otolaryngology 2012

PMC Copyright notice

FIG. 1. — Schematic illustration of stimulation modes with a fixed current level I on the main electrode n. The arrowhead direction indicates the phases of biphasic current pulses (upward: cathodic-leading; downward: anodic-leading), while the arrow length indicates the current level. A apex, B base, and EG extra-cochlear ground. A Monopolar (MP) mode: the current −I is fully returned to the EG. B Bipolar (BP) mode: the current −I is fully returned to the basal or apical (not shown) flanking electrode. C Tripolar (TP) mode: the current −I is split and returned evenly to both flanking electrodes. D Partial tripolar (pTP) mode: only a fraction of the current (−σ × I) is split and returned evenly to both flanking electrodes, while the rest [−(1 − σ) × I] to the EG. Note that these plots differ in the current return pathways.