Lack of contamination of the ventromedial and the tuberomammillary nuclei by the excitotoxic lesions (NMDA injections) of the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMV). A–B, Images showing distribution of estrogen receptor α (ERα) immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and in the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMHvl) in a control (PMV non-lesioned, A) and in a PMV-lesioned (B) rat. Note the similarity of ERα-ir distribution in both cases, indicating lack of contamination of the VMHvl. C–D, Images showing the distribution of neurons of the tuberomammillary complex (dorsal and ventral tuberomammillary nuclei, TMN) in a control (PMV non-lesioned, C) and in a PMV-lesioned (D) rat. Note the similarity of TMN neurons (magnocellular and dark cytoplasm) distribution indicating lack of compromise of TMN neurons. Abbreviations: 3v, third ventricle; f, fornix; PMD, dorsal premammillary nucleus.