Table 3.
Beliefs in, knowledge of, and skills in EBM
| Likert’s 5-point scale (± SD) | Before contest | After contest | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Beliefs |
|
|
|
| EBM is important in the strengthening of expertise |
4.16 ± 0.72 |
4.21 ± 0.63 |
0.335 |
| EBM is useful in the improvement of patient-care quality |
4.12 ± 0.74 |
4.18 ± 0.64 |
0.125 |
| EBM is helpful in the decision-making of clinical practice |
3.97 ± 0.74 |
4.08 ± 0.67 |
0.017 |
|
Knowledge |
|
|
|
| My knowledge of applying EBM principles is sufficient |
3.42 ± 0.71 |
3.77 ± 0.72 |
<0.001 |
| Understanding of terminology |
|
|
|
| Relative risk (RR) |
3.38 ± 0.79 |
3.56 ± 0.74 |
<0.001 |
| Odds ratio (OR) |
3.32 ± 0.79 |
3.56 ± 0.75 |
<0.001 |
| Confidence interval (CI) |
3.58 ± 0.73 |
3.66 ± 0.78 |
0.093 |
| Type I error (α error) |
2.96 ± 0.94 |
3.29 ± 0.89 |
<0.001 |
| Type II error (β error) |
2.94 ± 0.93 |
3.27 ± 0.89 |
<0.001 |
| Systematic review |
3.62 ± 0.78 |
3.72 ± 0.75 |
0.042 |
| Meta-analysis |
3.57 ± 0.81 |
3.71 ± 0.75 |
0.002 |
| Randomized controlled trial (RCT) |
3.73 ± 0.83 |
3.77 ± 0.74 |
0.375 |
| Number needed to treat (NNT) |
3.37 ± 1.01 |
3.68 ± 0.82 |
<0.001 |
|
Skills |
|
|
|
| My skill regarding the literature searching is sufficient |
3.70 ± 0.64 |
3.87 ± 0.68 |
<0.001 |
| My skill regarding the critical appraisal is sufficient |
3.48 ± 0.71 |
3.80 ± 0.72 |
<0.001 |
| My skills of applying EBM principles are sufficient | 3.40 ± 0.74 | 3.76 ± 0.71 | <0.001 |
* Pair-sample t test.