Figure 3. Effects of sleep deprivation on spatial learning and memory after 1 day of training A) Number of errors, B) Rank of the target zone and C) Latency (sec).

Performances during training (day 1) and testing (day 2) in “ctl”, “SD-retrieval” and “SD-training” groups of the experiment 1. Significant differences for the comparison of day 1 and day 2 (Wilcoxon signed rank test) are indicated as * (p<0.05).