Table.

Experiments that have Reported Manipulation of Vein Graft Neointimal Hyperplasia.

Mechanism	Manipulated factor	Vein graft model	Ref.
EC damage, Platelet aggregation, and Thrombosis
eNOS	eNOS gene	Rabbit	36
Superoxide	Celiprolol	Rabbit	37
NO	NO-donating aspirin	Procine	38
PDE-III	Cilostazol	Rat	43
Tissue factor	rTFPI *	Rabbit	69
Thrombosis, EC damage	Aspirin	Mouse	70
Tissue plasminogen activator	microsperes releasing tPA	Rabbit	73
Immunoresponse
MCP-1	7ND-MCP-1	Mouse	46
ICAM-1	ICAM-1 knockout mouse	Mouse	48
TGFβ, MCP-1 (monocyte accumulation)	Lip-Clod **	Rat	50
IL-6, IL-8	N-acetylcysteine	Rat	25
Chemokine	vaccinia virus protein 35K	Rabbit	57
Immunoresponse	FK778	Rat	59
TNF	TNF receptor knockout mouse	Mouse	64, 65
TNFα, PDGF-BB	Flavinoid	Rat	58
Growth factors
VEGF	recombinalnt VEGF	Rabbit	74
VEGF - Eph-B4	VEGF siRNA	Rat	10
TGFβ	Anti-sense TGFβ	Rat	80
TGFβ	Activin-A	Rat	82
bFGF	Anti-sense bFGF	Rabbit	83
PDGF	Suramin	mouse	85
PDGF receptor	Imatinib mesylate	Rabbit	86
Midkine	Midkine siRNA	Rabbit	87
Intracellular signalings
ERK-1/2	ERK-1/2 inhibitor	Canine	88, 89
mTOR	Rapamycin	Mouse	61, 62
PTEN	PTEN adenovirus	Canine	90
Rho	Statin	Rabbit	94, 97
Transcriptional factors
p53	p53 adenovirus	Procine	91
p53	p53 knockout mouse	Mouse	92
AP-1	AP-1 decoy ODN	Rabbit	102
cJun	cJun DNAzyme	Rabbit	104
NFκB	NFκB decoy ODN	Rabbit	105
NFκB	NFκB decoy ODN	Canine	106
Extracellular matrix deposition
MMPs	TIMP-1 adenovirus	Rabbit	57
MMPs	TIMP-1 plasmid DNA	Mouse	109
MMPs	TIMP-2 adenovirus	Mouse	111
MMP-3	MMP-3 adenovirus	Rabbit	112
Others
Nogo-B	Nogo-B adenovirus	Procine	114
Endothelin	Endothelin-1A receptor antagonist	Procine	103

^*recombinant human tissue factor pathway inhibitor,

^**Liposomally encapsulated dichloromethylene bisphosphonate