Figure 2.
Analyses for the probability of ever committing a violent crime (Bernoulli outcome). a) Fitted natural spline from the cohort analysis (GLM) with 95% confidence bounds with paternal age as exposure. b) Spline for the within-family effect (GEE) with 95% confidence bounds based on the robust variance estimation. The exposure is deviation of paternal age from mean paternal age within the family. Results were transformed to probabilities and divided by the lowest value in the age span (0.018 for cohort and 0.013 for within-family). The vertical dashed lines are the knots in the splines.